axmol/core/2d/CCSprite.cpp

/****************************************************************************
Copyright (c) 2008-2010 Ricardo Quesada
Copyright (c) 2010-2012 cocos2d-x.org
Copyright (c) 2011      Zynga Inc.
Copyright (c) 2013-2016 Chukong Technologies Inc.
Copyright (c) 2017-2018 Xiamen Yaji Software Co., Ltd.
Copyright (c) 2020 C4games Ltd.
Copyright (c) 2021-2022 Bytedance Inc.

https://axys1.github.io/

Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:

The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
all copies or substantial portions of the Software.

THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
THE SOFTWARE.
****************************************************************************/
#include "2d/CCSprite.h"
#include <algorithm>
#include <stddef.h>  // offsetof
#include "base/ccTypes.h"
#include "2d/CCSpriteBatchNode.h"
#include "2d/CCAnimationCache.h"
#include "2d/CCSpriteFrame.h"
#include "2d/CCSpriteFrameCache.h"
#include "renderer/CCTextureCache.h"
#include "renderer/CCTexture2D.h"
#include "renderer/CCRenderer.h"
#include "base/CCDirector.h"
#include "base/ccUTF8.h"
#include "2d/CCCamera.h"
#include "platform/CCFileUtils.h"
#include "renderer/ccShaders.h"
#include "renderer/backend/ProgramState.h"
#include "renderer/backend/Device.h"

NS_AX_BEGIN

// MARK: create, init, dealloc
Sprite* Sprite::createWithTexture(Texture2D* texture)
{
    Sprite* sprite = new Sprite();
    if (sprite->initWithTexture(texture))
    {
        sprite->autorelease();
        return sprite;
    }
    AX_SAFE_DELETE(sprite);
    return nullptr;
}

Sprite* Sprite::createWithTexture(Texture2D* texture, const Rect& rect, bool rotated)
{
    Sprite* sprite = new Sprite();
    if (sprite->initWithTexture(texture, rect, rotated))
    {
        sprite->autorelease();
        return sprite;
    }
    AX_SAFE_DELETE(sprite);
    return nullptr;
}

Sprite* Sprite::create(std::string_view filename)
{
    return Sprite::create(filename, Texture2D::getDefaultAlphaPixelFormat());
}

Sprite* Sprite::create(std::string_view filename, PixelFormat format)
{
    Sprite* sprite = new Sprite();
    if (sprite->initWithFile(filename, format))
    {
        sprite->autorelease();
        return sprite;
    }
    AX_SAFE_DELETE(sprite);
    return nullptr;
}

Sprite* Sprite::create(const PolygonInfo& info)
{
    Sprite* sprite = new Sprite();
    if (sprite->initWithPolygon(info))
    {
        sprite->autorelease();
        return sprite;
    }
    AX_SAFE_DELETE(sprite);
    return nullptr;
}

Sprite* Sprite::create(std::string_view filename, const Rect& rect)
{
    Sprite* sprite = new Sprite();
    if (sprite->initWithFile(filename, rect))
    {
        sprite->autorelease();
        return sprite;
    }
    AX_SAFE_DELETE(sprite);
    return nullptr;
}

Sprite* Sprite::createWithSpriteFrame(SpriteFrame* spriteFrame)
{
    Sprite* sprite = new Sprite();
    if (spriteFrame && sprite->initWithSpriteFrame(spriteFrame))
    {
        sprite->autorelease();
        return sprite;
    }
    AX_SAFE_DELETE(sprite);
    return nullptr;
}

Sprite* Sprite::createWithSpriteFrameName(std::string_view spriteFrameName)
{
    SpriteFrame* frame = SpriteFrameCache::getInstance()->getSpriteFrameByName(spriteFrameName);

#if _AX_DEBUG > 0
    char msg[256] = {0};
    sprintf(msg, "Invalid spriteFrameName: %s", spriteFrameName.data());
    AXASSERT(frame != nullptr, msg);
#endif

    return createWithSpriteFrame(frame);
}

Sprite* Sprite::create()
{
    Sprite* sprite = new Sprite();
    if (sprite->init())
    {
        sprite->autorelease();
        return sprite;
    }
    AX_SAFE_DELETE(sprite);
    return nullptr;
}

bool Sprite::init()
{
    initWithTexture(nullptr, Rect::ZERO);
    return true;
}

bool Sprite::initWithTexture(Texture2D* texture)
{
    AXASSERT(texture != nullptr, "Invalid texture for sprite");

    Rect rect = Rect::ZERO;
    if (texture)
        rect.size = texture->getContentSize();

    return initWithTexture(texture, rect, false);
}

bool Sprite::initWithTexture(Texture2D* texture, const Rect& rect)
{
    return initWithTexture(texture, rect, false);
}

bool Sprite::initWithFile(std::string_view filename)
{
    return initWithFile(filename, Texture2D::getDefaultAlphaPixelFormat());
}

bool Sprite::initWithFile(std::string_view filename, PixelFormat format)
{
    if (filename.empty())
    {
        AXLOG("Call Sprite::initWithFile with blank resource filename.");
        return false;
    }

    _fileName = filename;

    Texture2D* texture = _director->getTextureCache()->addImage(filename, format);
    if (texture)
    {
        Rect rect = Rect::ZERO;
        rect.size = texture->getContentSize();
        return initWithTexture(texture, rect);
    }

    // don't release here.
    // when load texture failed, it's better to get a "transparent" sprite then a crashed program
    // this->release();
    return false;
}

bool Sprite::initWithFile(std::string_view filename, const Rect& rect)
{
    AXASSERT(!filename.empty(), "Invalid filename");
    if (filename.empty())
        return false;

    _fileName = filename;

    Texture2D* texture = _director->getTextureCache()->addImage(filename);
    if (texture)
        return initWithTexture(texture, rect);

    // don't release here.
    // when load texture failed, it's better to get a "transparent" sprite then a crashed program
    // this->release();
    return false;
}

bool Sprite::initWithSpriteFrameName(std::string_view spriteFrameName)
{
    AXASSERT(!spriteFrameName.empty(), "Invalid spriteFrameName");
    if (spriteFrameName.empty())
        return false;

    _fileName = spriteFrameName;
    _fileType = 1;

    SpriteFrame* frame = SpriteFrameCache::getInstance()->getSpriteFrameByName(spriteFrameName);
    return initWithSpriteFrame(frame);
}

bool Sprite::initWithSpriteFrame(SpriteFrame* spriteFrame)
{
    AXASSERT(spriteFrame != nullptr, "spriteFrame can't be nullptr!");
    if (spriteFrame == nullptr)
        return false;

    bool ret = initWithTexture(spriteFrame->getTexture(), spriteFrame->getRect(), spriteFrame->isRotated());
    setSpriteFrame(spriteFrame);

    return ret;
}

bool Sprite::initWithPolygon(const ax::PolygonInfo& info)
{
    bool ret = false;

    Texture2D* texture = _director->getTextureCache()->addImage(info.getFilename());
    if (texture && initWithTexture(texture))
    {
        _polyInfo   = info;
        _renderMode = RenderMode::POLYGON;
        Node::setContentSize(_polyInfo.getRect().size / _director->getContentScaleFactor());
        ret = true;
    }

    return ret;
}

// designated initializer
bool Sprite::initWithTexture(Texture2D* texture, const Rect& rect, bool rotated)
{
    bool result = false;
    if (Node::init())
    {
        _batchNode = nullptr;

        _recursiveDirty = false;
        setDirty(false);

        _flippedX = _flippedY = false;

        // default transform anchor: center
        setAnchorPoint(Vec2::ANCHOR_MIDDLE);

        // zwoptex default values
        _offsetPosition.setZero();

        // clean the Quad
        memset(&_quad, 0, sizeof(_quad));

        // Atlas: Color
        _quad.bl.colors = Color4B::WHITE;
        _quad.br.colors = Color4B::WHITE;
        _quad.tl.colors = Color4B::WHITE;
        _quad.tr.colors = Color4B::WHITE;

        // update texture (calls updateBlendFunc)
        setTexture(texture);
        setTextureRect(rect, rotated, rect.size);

        // by default use "Self Render".
        // if the sprite is added to a batchnode, then it will automatically switch to "batchnode Render"
        setBatchNode(nullptr);
        result = true;
    }

    _recursiveDirty = true;
    setDirty(true);

    return result;
}

Sprite::Sprite()
{
#if AX_SPRITE_DEBUG_DRAW
    _debugDrawNode = DrawNode::create();
    addChild(_debugDrawNode);
#endif  // AX_SPRITE_DEBUG_DRAW
}

Sprite::~Sprite()
{
    AX_SAFE_FREE(_trianglesVertex);
    AX_SAFE_FREE(_trianglesIndex);
    AX_SAFE_RELEASE(_spriteFrame);
    AX_SAFE_RELEASE(_texture);
}

/*
 * Texture methods
 */

/*
 * This array is the data of a white image with 2 by 2 dimension.
 * It's used for creating a default texture when sprite's texture is set to nullptr.
 * Supposing codes as follows:
 *
 *   auto sp = new Sprite();
 *   sp->init();  // Texture was set to nullptr, in order to make opacity and color to work correctly, we need to create
 * a 2x2 white texture.
 *
 * The test is in "TestCpp/SpriteTest/Sprite without texture".
 */
static unsigned char cc_2x2_white_image[] = {
    // RGBA8888
    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF};

#define AX_2x2_WHITE_IMAGE_KEY "/cc_2x2_white_image"

// MARK: texture
void Sprite::setTexture(std::string_view filename)
{
    Texture2D* texture = _director->getTextureCache()->addImage(filename);
    setTexture(texture);
    _unflippedOffsetPositionFromCenter = Vec2::ZERO;
    Rect rect                          = Rect::ZERO;
    if (texture)
        rect.size = texture->getContentSize();

    setTextureRect(rect);
}

void Sprite::setVertexLayout()
{
    // set vertexLayout according to V3F_C4B_T2F structure
    // auto& vertexLayout = _trianglesCommand.getPipelineDescriptor().vertexLayout;
    auto vertexLayout = _programState->getVertexLayout();
    /// a_position
    vertexLayout->setAttribute(backend::ATTRIBUTE_NAME_POSITION,
                               _programState->getAttributeLocation(backend::Attribute::POSITION),
                               backend::VertexFormat::FLOAT3, 0, false);
    /// a_texCoord
    vertexLayout->setAttribute(backend::ATTRIBUTE_NAME_TEXCOORD,
                               _programState->getAttributeLocation(backend::Attribute::TEXCOORD),
                               backend::VertexFormat::FLOAT2, offsetof(V3F_C4B_T2F, texCoords), false);

    /// a_color
    vertexLayout->setAttribute(backend::ATTRIBUTE_NAME_COLOR,
                               _programState->getAttributeLocation(backend::Attribute::COLOR),
                               backend::VertexFormat::UBYTE4, offsetof(V3F_C4B_T2F, colors), true);
    vertexLayout->setLayout(sizeof(V3F_C4B_T2F));
}

void Sprite::setProgramState(uint32_t type)
{
    setProgramStateWithRegistry(type, _texture);
}

bool Sprite::setProgramState(backend::ProgramState* programState, bool needsRetain)
{
    AXASSERT(programState, "argument should not be nullptr");
    if (Node::setProgramState(programState, needsRetain))
    {
        auto& pipelineDescriptor        = _trianglesCommand.getPipelineDescriptor();
        pipelineDescriptor.programState = _programState;

        _mvpMatrixLocation = _programState->getUniformLocation(backend::Uniform::MVP_MATRIX);

        setVertexLayout();
        updateProgramStateTexture(_texture);
        setMVPMatrixUniform();
        return true;
    }
    return false;
}

void Sprite::setTexture(Texture2D* texture)
{
    AXASSERT(!_batchNode || (texture && texture == _batchNode->getTexture()),
             "CCSprite: Batched sprites should use the same texture as the batchnode");
    // accept texture==nil as argument
    AXASSERT(!texture || dynamic_cast<Texture2D*>(texture), "setTexture expects a Texture2D. Invalid argument");

    if (texture == nullptr)
    {
        // Gets the texture by key firstly.
        texture = _director->getTextureCache()->getTextureForKey(AX_2x2_WHITE_IMAGE_KEY);

        // If texture wasn't in cache, create it from RAW data.
        if (texture == nullptr)
        {
            Image* image        = new Image();
            bool AX_UNUSED isOK = image->initWithRawData(cc_2x2_white_image, sizeof(cc_2x2_white_image), 2, 2, 8);
            AXASSERT(isOK, "The 2x2 empty texture was created unsuccessfully.");

            texture = _director->getTextureCache()->addImage(image, AX_2x2_WHITE_IMAGE_KEY);
            AX_SAFE_RELEASE(image);
        }
    }

    bool needsUpdatePS =
        (!_programState || _programState->getProgram()->getProgramType() < backend::ProgramType::CUSTOM_PROGRAM) &&
        (_texture == nullptr || _texture->getSamplerFlags() != texture->getSamplerFlags());

    if (_renderMode != RenderMode::QUAD_BATCHNODE)
    {
        if (_texture != texture)
        {
            AX_SAFE_RETAIN(texture);
            AX_SAFE_RELEASE(_texture);
            _texture = texture;
        }
        updateBlendFunc();
    }

    if (needsUpdatePS)
        setProgramState(backend::ProgramType::POSITION_TEXTURE_COLOR);
    else
        updateProgramStateTexture(_texture);
}

Texture2D* Sprite::getTexture() const
{
    return _texture;
}

void Sprite::setTextureRect(const Rect& rect)
{
    setTextureRect(rect, false, rect.size);
}

void Sprite::setTextureRect(const Rect& rect, bool rotated, const Vec2& untrimmedSize)
{
    _rectRotated = rotated;

    Node::setContentSize(untrimmedSize);
    _originalContentSize = untrimmedSize;

    setVertexRect(rect);
    updateStretchFactor();
    updatePoly();
}

void Sprite::updatePoly()
{
    // There are 3 cases:
    //
    // A) a non 9-sliced, non stretched
    //    contentsize doesn't not affect the stretching, since there is no stretching
    //    this was the original behavior, and we keep it for backwards compatibility reasons
    //    When non-stretching is enabled, we have to change the offset in order to "fill the empty" space at the
    //    left-top of the texture
    // B) non 9-sliced, stretched
    //    the texture is stretched to the content size
    // C) 9-sliced, stretched
    //    the sprite is 9-sliced and stretched.
    if (_renderMode == RenderMode::QUAD || _renderMode == RenderMode::QUAD_BATCHNODE)
    {
        Rect copyRect;
        if (_stretchEnabled)
            // case B)
            copyRect = Rect(0, 0, _rect.size.width * _stretchFactor.x, _rect.size.height * _stretchFactor.y);
        else
            // case A)
            // modify origin to put the sprite in the correct offset
            copyRect =
                Rect((_contentSize.width - _originalContentSize.width) / 2.0f,
                     (_contentSize.height - _originalContentSize.height) / 2.0f, _rect.size.width, _rect.size.height);

        setTextureCoords(_rect, &_quad);
        setVertexCoords(copyRect, &_quad);
        _polyInfo.setQuad(&_quad);
    }
    else if (_renderMode == RenderMode::SLICE9)
    {
        // case C)

        // How the texture is split
        //
        //  u,v: are the texture coordinates
        //  w,h: are the width and heights
        //
        //      w0    w1   w2
        // v2 +----+------+--+
        //    |    |      |  |
        //    |    |      |  |
        //    | 6  |   7  | 8|  h2
        //    |    |      |  |
        // v1 +----+------+--|
        //    |    |      |  |
        //    | 3  |   4  | 5|  h1
        // v0 +----+------+--|
        //    |    |      |  |
        //    | 0  |   1  | 2|  h0
        //    |    |      |  |
        //    +----+------+--+
        //    u0   u1    u2
        //
        //
        //  and when the texture is rotated, it will get transformed.
        //  not only the rects have a different position, but also u,v
        //  points to the bottom-left and not top-right of the texture
        //  so some swaping/origin/reordering needs to be done in order
        //  to support rotated slice-9 correctly
        //
        //       w0    w1     w2
        // v2 +------+----+--------+
        //    |      |    |        |
        //    |   0  |  3 |    6   | h2
        // v1 +------+----+--------+
        //    |      |    |        |
        //    |   1  |  4 |    7   | h1
        //    |      |    |        |
        // v0 +------+----+--------+
        //    |   2  |  5 |    8   | h0
        //    +------+----+--------+
        //    u0      u1     u2

        // center rect
        float cx1 = _centerRectNormalized.origin.x;
        float cy1 = _centerRectNormalized.origin.y;
        float cx2 = _centerRectNormalized.origin.x + _centerRectNormalized.size.width;
        float cy2 = _centerRectNormalized.origin.y + _centerRectNormalized.size.height;

        // "O"riginal rect
        const float oox = _rect.origin.x;
        const float ooy = _rect.origin.y;
        float osw       = _rect.size.width;
        float osh       = _rect.size.height;

        if (_rectRotated)
        {
            std::swap(cx1, cy1);
            std::swap(cx2, cy2);

            // when the texture is rotated, then the centerRect starts from the "bottom" (left)
            // but when it is not rotated, it starts from the top, so invert it
            cy2 = 1 - cy2;
            cy1 = 1 - cy1;
            std::swap(cy1, cy2);
            std::swap(osw, osh);
        }

        //
        // textCoords Data: Y must be inverted.
        //
        const float w0 = osw * cx1;
        const float w1 = osw * (cx2 - cx1);
        const float w2 = osw * (1 - cx2);
        const float h0 = osh * cy1;
        const float h1 = osh * (cy2 - cy1);
        const float h2 = osh * (1 - cy2);

        const float u0 = oox;
        const float u1 = u0 + w0;
        const float u2 = u1 + w1;
        const float v2 = ooy;
        const float v1 = v2 + h2;
        const float v0 = v1 + h1;

        const Rect texRects_normal[9] = {
            Rect(u0, v0, w0, h0),  // bottom-left
            Rect(u1, v0, w1, h0),  // bottom
            Rect(u2, v0, w2, h0),  // bottom-right

            Rect(u0, v1, w0, h1),  // left
            Rect(u1, v1, w1, h1),  // center
            Rect(u2, v1, w2, h1),  // right

            Rect(u0, v2, w0, h2),  // top-left
            Rect(u1, v2, w1, h2),  // top
            Rect(u2, v2, w2, h2),  // top-right
        };

        // swap width and height because setTextureCoords()
        // will expects the hight and width to be swapped
        const Rect texRects_rotated[9] = {
            Rect(u0, v2, h2, w0),  // top-left
            Rect(u0, v1, h1, w0),  // left
            Rect(u0, v0, h0, w0),  // bottom-left

            Rect(u1, v2, h2, w1),  // top
            Rect(u1, v1, h1, w1),  // center
            Rect(u1, v0, h0, w1),  // bottom

            Rect(u2, v2, h2, w2),  // top-right
            Rect(u2, v1, h1, w2),  // right
            Rect(u2, v0, h0, w2),  // bottom-right
        };

        const Rect* texRects = _rectRotated ? texRects_rotated : texRects_normal;

        //
        // vertex Data.
        //

        // reset center rect since it is altered when when the texture
        // is rotated
        cx1 = _centerRectNormalized.origin.x;
        cy1 = _centerRectNormalized.origin.y;
        cx2 = _centerRectNormalized.origin.x + _centerRectNormalized.size.width;
        cy2 = _centerRectNormalized.origin.y + _centerRectNormalized.size.height;
        if (_rectRotated)
            std::swap(osw, osh);

        // sizes
        float x0_s = osw * cx1;
        float x1_s = osw * (cx2 - cx1) * _stretchFactor.x;
        float x2_s = osw * (1 - cx2);
        float y0_s = osh * cy1;
        float y1_s = osh * (cy2 - cy1) * _stretchFactor.y;
        float y2_s = osh * (1 - cy2);

        // avoid negative size:
        if (_contentSize.width < x0_s + x2_s)
            x2_s = x0_s = _contentSize.width / 2;

        if (_contentSize.height < y0_s + y2_s)
            y2_s = y0_s = _contentSize.height / 2;

        // is it flipped?
        // swap sizes to calculate offset correctly
        if (_flippedX)
            std::swap(x0_s, x2_s);
        if (_flippedY)
            std::swap(y0_s, y2_s);

        // origins
        float x0 = 0;
        float x1 = x0 + x0_s;
        float x2 = x1 + x1_s;
        float y0 = 0;
        float y1 = y0 + y0_s;
        float y2 = y1 + y1_s;

        // swap origin, but restore size to its original value
        if (_flippedX)
        {
            std::swap(x0, x2);
            std::swap(x0_s, x2_s);
        }
        if (_flippedY)
        {
            std::swap(y0, y2);
            std::swap(y0_s, y2_s);
        }

        const Rect verticesRects[9] = {
            Rect(x0, y0, x0_s, y0_s),  // bottom-left
            Rect(x1, y0, x1_s, y0_s),  // bottom
            Rect(x2, y0, x2_s, y0_s),  // bottom-right

            Rect(x0, y1, x0_s, y1_s),  // left
            Rect(x1, y1, x1_s, y1_s),  // center
            Rect(x2, y1, x2_s, y1_s),  // right

            Rect(x0, y2, x0_s, y2_s),  // top-left
            Rect(x1, y2, x1_s, y2_s),  // top
            Rect(x2, y2, x2_s, y2_s),  // top-right
        };

        // needed in order to get color from "_quad"
        V3F_C4B_T2F_Quad tmpQuad = _quad;

        for (int i = 0; i < 9; ++i)
        {
            setTextureCoords(texRects[i], &tmpQuad);
            setVertexCoords(verticesRects[i], &tmpQuad);
            populateTriangle(i, tmpQuad);
        }
        TrianglesCommand::Triangles triangles;
        triangles.verts      = _trianglesVertex;
        triangles.vertCount  = 16;
        triangles.indices    = _trianglesIndex;
        triangles.indexCount = 6 * 9;  // 9 quads, each needs 6 vertices

        // probably we can update the _trianglesCommand directly
        // to avoid memcpy'ing stuff
        _polyInfo.setTriangles(triangles);
    }
}

void Sprite::setCenterRectNormalized(const ax::Rect& rectTopLeft)
{
    if (_renderMode != RenderMode::QUAD && _renderMode != RenderMode::SLICE9)
    {
        AXLOGWARN("Warning: Sprite::setCenterRectNormalized() only works with QUAD and SLICE9 render modes");
        return;
    }

    // FIMXE: Rect is has origin on top-left (like text coordinate).
    // but all the logic has been done using bottom-left as origin. So it is easier to invert Y
    // here, than in the rest of the places... but it is not as clean.
    Rect rect(rectTopLeft.origin.x, 1 - rectTopLeft.origin.y - rectTopLeft.size.height, rectTopLeft.size.width,
              rectTopLeft.size.height);
    if (!_centerRectNormalized.equals(rect))
    {
        _centerRectNormalized = rect;

        // convert it to 1-slice when the centerRect is not present.
        if (rect.equals(Rect(0, 0, 1, 1)))
        {
            _renderMode = RenderMode::QUAD;
            free(_trianglesVertex);
            free(_trianglesIndex);
            _trianglesVertex = nullptr;
            _trianglesIndex  = nullptr;
        }
        else
        {
            // convert it to 9-slice if it isn't already
            if (_renderMode != RenderMode::SLICE9)
            {
                _renderMode = RenderMode::SLICE9;
                // 9 quads + 7 exterior points = 16
                _trianglesVertex = (V3F_C4B_T2F*)malloc(sizeof(*_trianglesVertex) * (9 + 3 + 4));
                // 9 quads, each needs 6 vertices = 54
                _trianglesIndex = (unsigned short*)malloc(sizeof(*_trianglesIndex) * 6 * 9);

                // populate indices in CCW direction
                for (int i = 0; i < 9; ++i)
                {
                    _trianglesIndex[i * 6 + 0] = (i * 4 / 3) + 4;
                    _trianglesIndex[i * 6 + 1] = (i * 4 / 3) + 0;
                    _trianglesIndex[i * 6 + 2] = (i * 4 / 3) + 5;
                    _trianglesIndex[i * 6 + 3] = (i * 4 / 3) + 1;
                    _trianglesIndex[i * 6 + 4] = (i * 4 / 3) + 5;
                    _trianglesIndex[i * 6 + 5] = (i * 4 / 3) + 0;
                }
            }
        }

        updateStretchFactor();
        updatePoly();
        updateColor();
    }
}

void Sprite::setCenterRect(const ax::Rect& rectInPoints)
{
    if (_renderMode != RenderMode::QUAD && _renderMode != RenderMode::SLICE9)
    {
        AXLOGWARN("Warning: Sprite::setCenterRect() only works with QUAD and SLICE9 render modes");
        return;
    }

    if (!_originalContentSize.equals(Vec2::ZERO))
    {
        Rect rect = rectInPoints;

        const float x = rect.origin.x / _rect.size.width;
        const float y = rect.origin.y / _rect.size.height;
        const float w = rect.size.width / _rect.size.width;
        const float h = rect.size.height / _rect.size.height;
        setCenterRectNormalized(Rect(x, y, w, h));
    }
}

Rect Sprite::getCenterRectNormalized() const
{
    // FIXME: _centerRectNormalized is in bottom-left coords, but should converted to top-left
    Rect ret(_centerRectNormalized.origin.x, 1 - _centerRectNormalized.origin.y - _centerRectNormalized.size.height,
             _centerRectNormalized.size.width, _centerRectNormalized.size.height);
    return ret;
}

Rect Sprite::getCenterRect() const
{
    Rect rect = getCenterRectNormalized();
    rect.origin.x *= _rect.size.width;
    rect.origin.y *= _rect.size.height;
    rect.size.width *= _rect.size.width;
    rect.size.height *= _rect.size.height;
    return rect;
}

// override this method to generate "double scale" sprites
void Sprite::setVertexRect(const Rect& rect)
{
    _rect = rect;
}

void Sprite::setTextureCoords(const Rect& rectInPoints)
{
    setTextureCoords(rectInPoints, &_quad);
}

void Sprite::setTextureCoords(const Rect& rectInPoints, V3F_C4B_T2F_Quad* outQuad)
{
    Texture2D* tex = (_renderMode == RenderMode::QUAD_BATCHNODE) ? _textureAtlas->getTexture() : _texture;

    if (tex == nullptr)
        return;

    const auto rectInPixels = AX_RECT_POINTS_TO_PIXELS(rectInPoints);

    const float atlasWidth  = (float)tex->getPixelsWide();
    const float atlasHeight = (float)tex->getPixelsHigh();

    float rw = rectInPixels.size.width;
    float rh = rectInPixels.size.height;

    // if the rect is rotated, it means that the frame is rotated 90 degrees (clockwise) and:
    //  - rectInpoints: origin will be the bottom-left of the frame (and not the top-right)
    //  - size: represents the unrotated texture size
    //
    // so what we have to do is:
    //  - swap texture width and height
    //  - take into account the origin
    //  - flip X instead of Y when flipY is enabled
    //  - flip Y instead of X when flipX is enabled

    if (_rectRotated)
        std::swap(rw, rh);

#if AX_FIX_ARTIFACTS_BY_STRECHING_TEXEL
    float left   = (2 * rectInPixels.origin.x + 1) / (2 * atlasWidth);
    float right  = left + (rw * 2 - 2) / (2 * atlasWidth);
    float top    = (2 * rectInPixels.origin.y + 1) / (2 * atlasHeight);
    float bottom = top + (rh * 2 - 2) / (2 * atlasHeight);
#else
    float left   = rectInPixels.origin.x / atlasWidth;
    float right  = (rectInPixels.origin.x + rw) / atlasWidth;
    float top    = rectInPixels.origin.y / atlasHeight;
    float bottom = (rectInPixels.origin.y + rh) / atlasHeight;
#endif  // AX_FIX_ARTIFACTS_BY_STRECHING_TEXEL

    if ((!_rectRotated && _flippedX) || (_rectRotated && _flippedY))
        std::swap(left, right);

    if ((!_rectRotated && _flippedY) || (_rectRotated && _flippedX))
        std::swap(top, bottom);

    if (_rectRotated)
    {
        outQuad->bl.texCoords.u = left;
        outQuad->bl.texCoords.v = top;
        outQuad->br.texCoords.u = left;
        outQuad->br.texCoords.v = bottom;
        outQuad->tl.texCoords.u = right;
        outQuad->tl.texCoords.v = top;
        outQuad->tr.texCoords.u = right;
        outQuad->tr.texCoords.v = bottom;
    }
    else
    {
        outQuad->bl.texCoords.u = left;
        outQuad->bl.texCoords.v = bottom;
        outQuad->br.texCoords.u = right;
        outQuad->br.texCoords.v = bottom;
        outQuad->tl.texCoords.u = left;
        outQuad->tl.texCoords.v = top;
        outQuad->tr.texCoords.u = right;
        outQuad->tr.texCoords.v = top;
    }
}

void Sprite::setVertexCoords(const Rect& rect, V3F_C4B_T2F_Quad* outQuad)
{
    float relativeOffsetX = _unflippedOffsetPositionFromCenter.x;
    float relativeOffsetY = _unflippedOffsetPositionFromCenter.y;

    // issue #732
    if (_flippedX)
        relativeOffsetX = -relativeOffsetX;
    if (_flippedY)
        relativeOffsetY = -relativeOffsetY;

    _offsetPosition.x = relativeOffsetX + (_originalContentSize.width - _rect.size.width) / 2;
    _offsetPosition.y = relativeOffsetY + (_originalContentSize.height - _rect.size.height) / 2;

    // FIXME: Stretching should be applied to the "offset" as well
    // but probably it should be calculated in the caller function. It will be tidier
    if (_renderMode == RenderMode::QUAD)
    {
        _offsetPosition.x *= _stretchFactor.x;
        _offsetPosition.y *= _stretchFactor.y;
    }

    // rendering using batch node
    if (_renderMode == RenderMode::QUAD_BATCHNODE)
    {
        // update dirty_, don't update recursiveDirty_
        setDirty(true);
    }
    else
    {
        // self rendering

        // Atlas: Vertex
        const float x1 = 0.0f + _offsetPosition.x + rect.origin.x;
        const float y1 = 0.0f + _offsetPosition.y + rect.origin.y;
        const float x2 = x1 + rect.size.width;
        const float y2 = y1 + rect.size.height;

        // Don't update Z.
        outQuad->bl.vertices.set(x1, y1, 0.0f);
        outQuad->br.vertices.set(x2, y1, 0.0f);
        outQuad->tl.vertices.set(x1, y2, 0.0f);
        outQuad->tr.vertices.set(x2, y2, 0.0f);
    }
}

void Sprite::populateTriangle(int quadIndex, const V3F_C4B_T2F_Quad& quad)
{
    AXASSERT(quadIndex < 9, "Invalid quadIndex");
    // convert Quad intro Triangle since it takes less memory

    // Triangles are ordered like the following:
    //   Numbers: Quad Index
    //   Letters: triangles' vertices
    //
    //  M-----N-----O-----P
    //  |     |     |     |
    //  |  6  |  7  |  8  |
    //  |     |     |     |
    //  I-----J-----K-----L
    //  |     |     |     |
    //  |  3  |  4  |  5  |
    //  |     |     |     |
    //  E-----F-----G-----H
    //  |     |     |     |
    //  |  0  |  1  |  2  |
    //  |     |     |     |
    //  A-----B-----C-----D
    //
    // So, if QuadIndex == 4, then it should update vertices J,K,F,G

    // Optimization: I don't need to copy all the vertices all the time. just the 4 "quads" from the corners.
    if (quadIndex == 0 || quadIndex == 2 || quadIndex == 6 || quadIndex == 8)
    {
        if (_flippedX)
        {
            if (quadIndex % 3 == 0)
                quadIndex += 2;
            else
                quadIndex -= 2;
        }

        if (_flippedY)
        {
            if (quadIndex <= 2)
                quadIndex += 6;
            else
                quadIndex -= 6;
        }

        const int index_bl = quadIndex * 4 / 3;
        const int index_br = index_bl + 1;
        const int index_tl = index_bl + 4;
        const int index_tr = index_bl + 5;

        _trianglesVertex[index_tr] = quad.tr;
        _trianglesVertex[index_br] = quad.br;
        _trianglesVertex[index_tl] = quad.tl;
        _trianglesVertex[index_bl] = quad.bl;
    }
}

// MARK: visit, draw, transform

void Sprite::updateTransform()
{
    AXASSERT(_renderMode == RenderMode::QUAD_BATCHNODE,
             "updateTransform is only valid when Sprite is being rendered using an SpriteBatchNode");

    // recalculate matrix only if it is dirty
    if (isDirty())
    {
        // If it is not visible, or one of its ancestors is not visible, then do nothing:
        if (!_visible || (_parent && _parent != _batchNode && static_cast<Sprite*>(_parent)->_shouldBeHidden))
        {
            _quad.br.vertices.setZero();
            _quad.tl.vertices.setZero();
            _quad.tr.vertices.setZero();
            _quad.bl.vertices.setZero();
            _shouldBeHidden = true;
        }
        else
        {
            _shouldBeHidden = false;

            if (!_parent || _parent == _batchNode)
                _transformToBatch = getNodeToParentTransform();
            else
            {
                AXASSERT(dynamic_cast<Sprite*>(_parent), "Logic error in Sprite. Parent must be a Sprite");
                const Mat4& nodeToParent = getNodeToParentTransform();
                Mat4& parentTransform    = static_cast<Sprite*>(_parent)->_transformToBatch;
                _transformToBatch        = parentTransform * nodeToParent;
            }

            //
            // calculate the Quad based on the Affine Matrix
            //

            Vec2& size = _rect.size;

            float x1 = _offsetPosition.x;
            float y1 = _offsetPosition.y;

            float x2 = x1 + size.width;
            float y2 = y1 + size.height;

            float x = _transformToBatch.m[12];
            float y = _transformToBatch.m[13];

            float cr  = _transformToBatch.m[0];
            float sr  = _transformToBatch.m[1];
            float cr2 = _transformToBatch.m[5];
            float sr2 = -_transformToBatch.m[4];
            float ax  = x1 * cr - y1 * sr2 + x;
            float ay  = x1 * sr + y1 * cr2 + y;

            float bx = x2 * cr - y1 * sr2 + x;
            float by = x2 * sr + y1 * cr2 + y;

            float cx = x2 * cr - y2 * sr2 + x;
            float cy = x2 * sr + y2 * cr2 + y;

            float dx = x1 * cr - y2 * sr2 + x;
            float dy = x1 * sr + y2 * cr2 + y;

            _quad.bl.vertices.set(SPRITE_RENDER_IN_SUBPIXEL(ax), SPRITE_RENDER_IN_SUBPIXEL(ay), _positionZ);
            _quad.br.vertices.set(SPRITE_RENDER_IN_SUBPIXEL(bx), SPRITE_RENDER_IN_SUBPIXEL(by), _positionZ);
            _quad.tl.vertices.set(SPRITE_RENDER_IN_SUBPIXEL(dx), SPRITE_RENDER_IN_SUBPIXEL(dy), _positionZ);
            _quad.tr.vertices.set(SPRITE_RENDER_IN_SUBPIXEL(cx), SPRITE_RENDER_IN_SUBPIXEL(cy), _positionZ);
            setTextureCoords(_rect);
        }

        // MARMALADE CHANGE: ADDED CHECK FOR nullptr, TO PERMIT SPRITES WITH NO BATCH NODE / TEXTURE ATLAS
        if (_textureAtlas)
            _textureAtlas->updateQuad(&_quad, _atlasIndex);

        _recursiveDirty = false;
        setDirty(false);
    }

    Node::updateTransform();
}

// draw
void Sprite::draw(Renderer* renderer, const Mat4& transform, uint32_t flags)
{
    if (_texture == nullptr || _texture->getBackendTexture() == nullptr)
        return;

    // TODO: arnold: current camera can be a non-default one.
    setMVPMatrixUniform();

#if AX_USE_CULLING
    // Don't calculate the culling if the transform was not updated
    auto visitingCamera = Camera::getVisitingCamera();
    auto defaultCamera  = Camera::getDefaultCamera();
    if (visitingCamera == nullptr)
        _insideBounds = true;
    else if (visitingCamera == defaultCamera)
        _insideBounds = ((flags & FLAGS_TRANSFORM_DIRTY) || visitingCamera->isViewProjectionUpdated())
                            ? renderer->checkVisibility(transform, _contentSize)
                            : _insideBounds;
    else
        // XXX: this always return true since
        _insideBounds = renderer->checkVisibility(transform, _contentSize);

    if (_insideBounds)
#endif
    {
        _trianglesCommand.init(_globalZOrder, _texture, _blendFunc, _polyInfo.triangles, transform, flags);
        renderer->addCommand(&_trianglesCommand);

#if AX_SPRITE_DEBUG_DRAW
        _debugDrawNode->clear();
        auto count   = _polyInfo.triangles.indexCount / 3;
        auto indices = _polyInfo.triangles.indices;
        auto verts   = _polyInfo.triangles.verts;
        for (unsigned int i = 0; i < count; i++)
        {
            // draw 3 lines
            Vec3 from = verts[indices[i * 3]].vertices;
            Vec3 to   = verts[indices[i * 3 + 1]].vertices;
            _debugDrawNode->drawLine(Vec2(from.x, from.y), Vec2(to.x, to.y), Color4F::WHITE);

            from = verts[indices[i * 3 + 1]].vertices;
            to   = verts[indices[i * 3 + 2]].vertices;
            _debugDrawNode->drawLine(Vec2(from.x, from.y), Vec2(to.x, to.y), Color4F::WHITE);

            from = verts[indices[i * 3 + 2]].vertices;
            to   = verts[indices[i * 3]].vertices;
            _debugDrawNode->drawLine(Vec2(from.x, from.y), Vec2(to.x, to.y), Color4F::WHITE);
        }
#endif  // AX_SPRITE_DEBUG_DRAW
    }
}

// MARK: visit, draw, transform

void Sprite::addChild(Node* child, int zOrder, int tag)
{
    AXASSERT(child != nullptr, "Argument must be non-nullptr");
    if (child == nullptr)
        return;

    if (_renderMode == RenderMode::QUAD_BATCHNODE)
    {
        Sprite* childSprite = dynamic_cast<Sprite*>(child);
        AXASSERT(childSprite, "CCSprite only supports Sprites as children when using SpriteBatchNode");
        AXASSERT(childSprite->getTexture() == _textureAtlas->getTexture(),
                 "childSprite's texture name should be equal to _textureAtlas's texture name!");
        // put it in descendants array of batch node
        _batchNode->appendChild(childSprite);

        if (!_reorderChildDirty)
        {
            setReorderChildDirtyRecursively();
        }
    }
    // CCNode already sets isReorderChildDirty_ so this needs to be after batchNode check
    Node::addChild(child, zOrder, tag);
}

void Sprite::addChild(Node* child, int zOrder, std::string_view name)
{
    AXASSERT(child != nullptr, "Argument must be non-nullptr");
    if (child == nullptr)
        return;

    if (_renderMode == RenderMode::QUAD_BATCHNODE)
    {
        Sprite* childSprite = dynamic_cast<Sprite*>(child);
        AXASSERT(childSprite, "CCSprite only supports Sprites as children when using SpriteBatchNode");
        AXASSERT(childSprite->getTexture() == _textureAtlas->getTexture(),
                 "childSprite's texture name should be equal to _textureAtlas's texture name.");
        // put it in descendants array of batch node
        _batchNode->appendChild(childSprite);

        if (!_reorderChildDirty)
        {
            setReorderChildDirtyRecursively();
        }
    }
    // CCNode already sets isReorderChildDirty_ so this needs to be after batchNode check
    Node::addChild(child, zOrder, name);
}

void Sprite::reorderChild(Node* child, int zOrder)
{
    AXASSERT(child != nullptr, "child must be non null");
    AXASSERT(_children.contains(child), "child does not belong to this");

    if ((_renderMode == RenderMode::QUAD_BATCHNODE) && !_reorderChildDirty)
    {
        setReorderChildDirtyRecursively();
        _batchNode->reorderBatch(true);
    }

    Node::reorderChild(child, zOrder);
}

void Sprite::removeChild(Node* child, bool cleanup)
{
    if (_renderMode == RenderMode::QUAD_BATCHNODE)
        _batchNode->removeSpriteFromAtlas((Sprite*)(child));

    Node::removeChild(child, cleanup);
}

void Sprite::removeAllChildrenWithCleanup(bool cleanup)
{
    if (_renderMode == RenderMode::QUAD_BATCHNODE)
    {
        for (const auto& child : _children)
        {
            Sprite* sprite = dynamic_cast<Sprite*>(child);
            if (sprite)
                _batchNode->removeSpriteFromAtlas(sprite);
        }
    }

    Node::removeAllChildrenWithCleanup(cleanup);
}

void Sprite::sortAllChildren()
{
    if (_reorderChildDirty)
    {
        sortNodes(_children);

        if (_renderMode == RenderMode::QUAD_BATCHNODE)
        {
            for (const auto& child : _children)
                child->sortAllChildren();
        }

        _reorderChildDirty = false;
    }
}

//
// Node property overloads
// used only when parent is SpriteBatchNode
//

void Sprite::setReorderChildDirtyRecursively()
{
    // only set parents flag the first time
    if (!_reorderChildDirty)
    {
        _reorderChildDirty = true;
        Node* node         = static_cast<Node*>(_parent);
        while (node && node != _batchNode)
        {
            static_cast<Sprite*>(node)->setReorderChildDirtyRecursively();
            node = node->getParent();
        }
    }
}

void Sprite::setDirtyRecursively(bool bValue)
{
    _recursiveDirty = bValue;
    setDirty(bValue);

    for (const auto& child : _children)
    {
        Sprite* sp = dynamic_cast<Sprite*>(child);
        if (sp)
            sp->setDirtyRecursively(true);
    }
}

// FIXME: HACK: optimization
#define SET_DIRTY_RECURSIVELY()            \
    {                                      \
        if (!_recursiveDirty)              \
        {                                  \
            _recursiveDirty = true;        \
            setDirty(true);                \
            if (!_children.empty())        \
                setDirtyRecursively(true); \
        }                                  \
    }

void Sprite::setPosition(const Vec2& pos)
{
    Node::setPosition(pos);
    SET_DIRTY_RECURSIVELY();
}

void Sprite::setPosition(float x, float y)
{
    Node::setPosition(x, y);
    SET_DIRTY_RECURSIVELY();
}

void Sprite::setRotation(float rotation)
{
    Node::setRotation(rotation);

    SET_DIRTY_RECURSIVELY();
}

void Sprite::setRotationSkewX(float fRotationX)
{
    Node::setRotationSkewX(fRotationX);
    SET_DIRTY_RECURSIVELY();
}

void Sprite::setRotationSkewY(float fRotationY)
{
    Node::setRotationSkewY(fRotationY);
    SET_DIRTY_RECURSIVELY();
}

void Sprite::setSkewX(float sx)
{
    Node::setSkewX(sx);
    SET_DIRTY_RECURSIVELY();
}

void Sprite::setSkewY(float sy)
{
    Node::setSkewY(sy);
    SET_DIRTY_RECURSIVELY();
}

void Sprite::setScaleX(float scaleX)
{
    Node::setScaleX(scaleX);
    SET_DIRTY_RECURSIVELY();
}

void Sprite::setScaleY(float scaleY)
{
#ifdef AX_USE_METAL
    if (_texture->isRenderTarget())
        scaleY = std::abs(scaleY);
#endif
    Node::setScaleY(scaleY);
    SET_DIRTY_RECURSIVELY();
}

void Sprite::setScale(float fScale)
{
    Node::setScale(fScale);
    SET_DIRTY_RECURSIVELY();
}

void Sprite::setScale(float scaleX, float scaleY)
{
    Node::setScale(scaleX, scaleY);
    SET_DIRTY_RECURSIVELY();
}

void Sprite::setPositionZ(float fVertexZ)
{
    Node::setPositionZ(fVertexZ);
    SET_DIRTY_RECURSIVELY();
}

void Sprite::setAnchorPoint(const Vec2& anchor)
{
    Node::setAnchorPoint(anchor);
    SET_DIRTY_RECURSIVELY();
}

void Sprite::setIgnoreAnchorPointForPosition(bool value)
{
    AXASSERT(_renderMode != RenderMode::QUAD_BATCHNODE, "setIgnoreAnchorPointForPosition is invalid in Sprite");
    Node::setIgnoreAnchorPointForPosition(value);
}

void Sprite::setVisible(bool bVisible)
{
    Node::setVisible(bVisible);
    SET_DIRTY_RECURSIVELY();
}

void Sprite::setContentSize(const Vec2& size)
{
    if (_renderMode == RenderMode::QUAD_BATCHNODE || _renderMode == RenderMode::POLYGON)
        AXLOGWARN(
            "Sprite::setContentSize() doesn't stretch the sprite when using QUAD_BATCHNODE or POLYGON render modes");

    Node::setContentSize(size);

    updateStretchFactor();
    updatePoly();
}

void Sprite::setStretchEnabled(bool enabled)
{
    if (_stretchEnabled != enabled)
    {
        _stretchEnabled = enabled;

        // disabled centerrect / number of slices if disabled
        if (!enabled)
            setCenterRectNormalized(Rect(0, 0, 1, 1));

        updateStretchFactor();
        updatePoly();
    }
}

bool Sprite::isStretchEnabled() const
{
    return _stretchEnabled;
}

void Sprite::updateStretchFactor()
{
    const Vec2 size = getContentSize();

    if (_renderMode == RenderMode::QUAD)
    {
        // If stretch is disabled, calculate the stretch anyway
        // since it is needed to calculate the offset
        const float x_factor = size.width / _originalContentSize.width;
        const float y_factor = size.height / _originalContentSize.height;

        _stretchFactor = Vec2(std::max(0.0f, x_factor), std::max(0.0f, y_factor));
    }
    else if (_renderMode == RenderMode::SLICE9)
    {
        const float x1 = _rect.size.width * _centerRectNormalized.origin.x;
        const float x2 = _rect.size.width * _centerRectNormalized.size.width;
        const float x3 = _rect.size.width * (1 - _centerRectNormalized.origin.x - _centerRectNormalized.size.width);

        const float y1 = _rect.size.height * _centerRectNormalized.origin.y;
        const float y2 = _rect.size.height * _centerRectNormalized.size.height;
        const float y3 = _rect.size.height * (1 - _centerRectNormalized.origin.y - _centerRectNormalized.size.height);

        // adjustedSize = the new _rect size
        const float adjustedWidth  = size.width - (_originalContentSize.width - _rect.size.width);
        const float adjustedHeight = size.height - (_originalContentSize.height - _rect.size.height);

        const float x_factor = (adjustedWidth - x1 - x3) / x2;
        const float y_factor = (adjustedHeight - y1 - y3) / y2;

        _stretchFactor = Vec2(std::max(0.0f, x_factor), std::max(0.0f, y_factor));
    }

    // else:
    // Do nothing if renderMode is Polygon
}

void Sprite::setFlippedX(bool flippedX)
{
    if (_flippedX != flippedX)
    {
        _flippedX = flippedX;
        flipX();
    }
}

bool Sprite::isFlippedX() const
{
    return _flippedX;
}

void Sprite::setFlippedY(bool flippedY)
{
#ifdef AX_USE_METAL
    if (_texture->isRenderTarget())
        flippedY = !flippedY;
#endif
    if (_flippedY != flippedY)
    {
        _flippedY = flippedY;
        flipY();
    }
}

bool Sprite::isFlippedY() const
{
    return _flippedY;
}

void Sprite::flipX()
{
    if (_renderMode == RenderMode::QUAD_BATCHNODE)
        setDirty(true);
    else if (_renderMode == RenderMode::POLYGON)
    {
        for (unsigned int i = 0; i < _polyInfo.triangles.vertCount; i++)
        {
            auto& v = _polyInfo.triangles.verts[i].vertices;
            v.x     = _contentSize.width - v.x;
        }
    }
    else
        // RenderMode:: Quad or Slice9
        updatePoly();
}

void Sprite::flipY()
{
    if (_renderMode == RenderMode::QUAD_BATCHNODE)
        setDirty(true);
    else if (_renderMode == RenderMode::POLYGON)
    {
        for (unsigned int i = 0; i < _polyInfo.triangles.vertCount; i++)
        {
            auto& v = _polyInfo.triangles.verts[i].vertices;
            v.y     = _contentSize.height - v.y;
        }
    }
    else
        // RenderMode:: Quad or Slice9
        updatePoly();
}

//
// MARK: RGBA protocol
//

void Sprite::updateColor()
{
    Color4B color4(_displayedColor.r, _displayedColor.g, _displayedColor.b, _displayedOpacity);

    // special opacity for premultiplied textures
    if (_opacityModifyRGB)
    {
        color4.r *= _displayedOpacity / 255.0f;
        color4.g *= _displayedOpacity / 255.0f;
        color4.b *= _displayedOpacity / 255.0f;
    }

    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < _polyInfo.triangles.vertCount; i++)
        _polyInfo.triangles.verts[i].colors = color4;

    // related to issue #17116
    // when switching from Quad to Slice9, the color will be obtained from _quad
    // so it is important to update _quad colors as well.
    _quad.bl.colors = _quad.tl.colors = _quad.br.colors = _quad.tr.colors = color4;

    // renders using batch node
    if (_renderMode == RenderMode::QUAD_BATCHNODE)
    {
        if (_atlasIndex != INDEX_NOT_INITIALIZED)
            _textureAtlas->updateQuad(&_quad, _atlasIndex);
        else
            // no need to set it recursively
            // update dirty_, don't update recursiveDirty_
            setDirty(true);
    }

    // self render
    // do nothing
}

void Sprite::setOpacityModifyRGB(bool modify)
{
    if (_opacityModifyRGB != modify)
    {
        _opacityModifyRGB = modify;
        updateColor();
    }
}

bool Sprite::isOpacityModifyRGB() const
{
    return _opacityModifyRGB;
}

// MARK: Frames

void Sprite::setSpriteFrame(std::string_view spriteFrameName)
{
    AXASSERT(!spriteFrameName.empty(), "spriteFrameName must not be empty");
    if (spriteFrameName.empty())
        return;

    SpriteFrameCache* cache  = SpriteFrameCache::getInstance();
    SpriteFrame* spriteFrame = cache->getSpriteFrameByName(spriteFrameName);

    AXASSERT(spriteFrame, std::string("Invalid spriteFrameName :").append(spriteFrameName).c_str());

    setSpriteFrame(spriteFrame);
}

void Sprite::setSpriteFrame(SpriteFrame* spriteFrame)
{
    // retain the sprite frame
    // do not removed by SpriteFrameCache::removeUnusedSpriteFrames
    if (_spriteFrame != spriteFrame)
    {
        AX_SAFE_RELEASE(_spriteFrame);
        _spriteFrame = spriteFrame;
        spriteFrame->retain();
    }
    _unflippedOffsetPositionFromCenter = spriteFrame->getOffset();

    Texture2D* texture = spriteFrame->getTexture();
    // update texture before updating texture rect
    if (texture != _texture)
        setTexture(texture);

    // update rect
    _rectRotated = spriteFrame->isRotated();
    setTextureRect(spriteFrame->getRect(), _rectRotated, spriteFrame->getOriginalSize());

    if (spriteFrame->hasPolygonInfo())
    {
        _polyInfo   = spriteFrame->getPolygonInfo();
        _renderMode = RenderMode::POLYGON;
        if (_flippedX)
            flipX();
        if (_flippedY)
            flipY();
        updateColor();
    }
    if (spriteFrame->hasAnchorPoint())
        setAnchorPoint(spriteFrame->getAnchorPoint());
    if (spriteFrame->hasCenterRect())
        setCenterRect(spriteFrame->getCenterRect());
}

void Sprite::setDisplayFrameWithAnimationName(std::string_view animationName, unsigned int frameIndex)
{
    AXASSERT(!animationName.empty(), "CCSprite#setDisplayFrameWithAnimationName. animationName must not be nullptr");
    if (animationName.empty())
        return;

    Animation* a = AnimationCache::getInstance()->getAnimation(animationName);

    AXASSERT(a, "CCSprite#setDisplayFrameWithAnimationName: Frame not found");

    AnimationFrame* frame = a->getFrames().at(frameIndex);

    AXASSERT(frame, "CCSprite#setDisplayFrame. Invalid frame");

    setSpriteFrame(frame->getSpriteFrame());
}

bool Sprite::isFrameDisplayed(SpriteFrame* frame) const
{
    Rect r = frame->getRect();

    return (r.equals(_rect) && frame->getTexture() == _texture &&
            frame->getOffset().equals(_unflippedOffsetPositionFromCenter));
}

SpriteFrame* Sprite::getSpriteFrame() const
{
    if (nullptr != this->_spriteFrame)
        return this->_spriteFrame;

    return SpriteFrame::createWithTexture(_texture, AX_RECT_POINTS_TO_PIXELS(_rect), _rectRotated,
                                          AX_POINT_POINTS_TO_PIXELS(_unflippedOffsetPositionFromCenter),
                                          AX_SIZE_POINTS_TO_PIXELS(_originalContentSize));
}

SpriteBatchNode* Sprite::getBatchNode() const
{
    return _batchNode;
}

void Sprite::setBatchNode(SpriteBatchNode* spriteBatchNode)
{
    _batchNode = spriteBatchNode;  // weak reference

    // self render
    if (!_batchNode)
    {
        if (_renderMode != RenderMode::SLICE9)
            _renderMode = RenderMode::QUAD;

        _atlasIndex = INDEX_NOT_INITIALIZED;
        setTextureAtlas(nullptr);
        _recursiveDirty = false;
        setDirty(false);

        float x1 = _offsetPosition.x;
        float y1 = _offsetPosition.y;
        float x2 = x1 + _rect.size.width;
        float y2 = y1 + _rect.size.height;
        _quad.bl.vertices.set(x1, y1, 0);
        _quad.br.vertices.set(x2, y1, 0);
        _quad.tl.vertices.set(x1, y2, 0);
        _quad.tr.vertices.set(x2, y2, 0);
    }
    else
    {
        // using batch
        _renderMode       = RenderMode::QUAD_BATCHNODE;
        _transformToBatch = Mat4::IDENTITY;
        setTextureAtlas(_batchNode->getTextureAtlas());  // weak ref
    }
}

// MARK: Texture protocol
void Sprite::updateBlendFunc()
{
    AXASSERT(_renderMode != RenderMode::QUAD_BATCHNODE,
             "CCSprite: updateBlendFunc doesn't work when the sprite is rendered using a SpriteBatchNode");

    // it is possible to have an untextured sprite
    backend::BlendDescriptor& blendDescriptor = _trianglesCommand.getPipelineDescriptor().blendDescriptor;
    blendDescriptor.blendEnabled              = true;

    if (!_texture || !_texture->hasPremultipliedAlpha())
    {
        _blendFunc = BlendFunc::ALPHA_NON_PREMULTIPLIED;
        setOpacityModifyRGB(false);
    }
    else
    {
        _blendFunc = BlendFunc::ALPHA_PREMULTIPLIED;
        setOpacityModifyRGB(true);
    }
}

std::string Sprite::getDescription() const
{
    char textureDescriptor[100];
    if (_renderMode == RenderMode::QUAD_BATCHNODE)
        sprintf(textureDescriptor, "<Sprite | Tag = %d, TextureID = %p>", _tag,
                _batchNode->getTextureAtlas()->getTexture()->getBackendTexture());
    else
        sprintf(textureDescriptor, "<Sprite | Tag = %d, TextureID = %p>", _tag, _texture->getBackendTexture());

    return textureDescriptor;
}

const PolygonInfo& Sprite::getPolygonInfo() const
{
    return _polyInfo;
}

void Sprite::setPolygonInfo(const PolygonInfo& info)
{
    _polyInfo   = info;
    _renderMode = RenderMode::POLYGON;
}

void Sprite::setMVPMatrixUniform()
{
    const auto& projectionMat = _director->getMatrix(MATRIX_STACK_TYPE::MATRIX_STACK_PROJECTION);
    auto programState         = _trianglesCommand.getPipelineDescriptor().programState;
    if (programState && _mvpMatrixLocation)
        programState->setUniform(_mvpMatrixLocation, projectionMat.m, sizeof(projectionMat.m));
}

NS_AX_END