2019-11-23 20:27:39 +08:00
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/****************************************************************************
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Copyright (c) 2015-2016 Chukong Technologies Inc.
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Copyright (c) 2017-2018 Xiamen Yaji Software Co., Ltd.
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http://www.cocos2d-x.org
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Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
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of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
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in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
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to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
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copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
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furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
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The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
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all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
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THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
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IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
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FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
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AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
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LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
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OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
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THE SOFTWARE.
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****************************************************************************/
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#pragma once
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#include <vector>
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#include "2d/CCNode.h"
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#include "2d/CCCamera.h"
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#include "renderer/CCTexture2D.h"
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#include "renderer/CCMeshCommand.h"
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#include "renderer/CCCallbackCommand.h"
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#include "renderer/CCGroupCommand.h"
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#include "renderer/CCRenderState.h"
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#include "renderer/backend/Types.h"
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#include "renderer/backend/ProgramState.h"
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#include "3d/CCAABB.h"
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#include "3d/CCRay.h"
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#include "base/CCEventListenerCustom.h"
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#include "base/CCEventDispatcher.h"
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NS_CC_BEGIN
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/**
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* @addtogroup _3d
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* @{
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*/
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2021-12-25 10:04:45 +08:00
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/**
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2019-11-23 20:27:39 +08:00
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* the maximum amount of the chunks
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**/
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#define MAX_CHUNKES 256
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/**
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* Terrain
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* Defines a Terrain that is capable of rendering large landscapes from 2D heightmap images.
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* Terrains can be constructed from several different internal formats heightmap sources:
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* 1. RGB888
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* 2. RGBA8888
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* 3. Luminance(gray-scale)8
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*
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* Terrain use TerrainData struct to initialize.the TerrainData struct warp
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* all parameters that Terrain initialization need.
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* TerrainData provide several handy constructor for users
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*
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* Surface detail is provided via texture splatting, where multiple Detail texture layers can be added
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* along with alpha map to define how different Detail texture blend with each other. These DetailTexture
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* can be defined in TerrainData. The number of supported Detail texture is Four. although typically 2-3 levels is
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* sufficient. For simple usage ,surface detail also is provided via simple Texture.
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*
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* Internally, Terrain is divide into smaller, more manageable chunks, which can be culled
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* separately for more efficient rendering. The size of the terrain chunks can be controlled
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* via the chunkSize property in TerrainData.
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*
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* Chunks are managed under the QuadTree.As DE FACTO terminal Node of the QuadTree;
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* let us cull chunks efficiently to reduce drawCall amount And reduce the VBOs'Size that pass to the GPU.
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*
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* Level of detail (LOD) is supported using a technique that is similar to texture mipmapping -- called GeoMapping.
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* A distance-to-camera based test used to decide
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* the appropriate LOD for a terrain chunk. The number of LOD levels is 0 by default (which
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* means only the base level is used),the maximum number of LOD levels is 4. Of course ,you can hack the value
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*individually.
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*
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* Finally, when LOD is enabled, cracks can begin to appear between terrain Chunks of
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* different LOD levels. An acceptable solution might be to simply reduce the lower LOD(high detail,smooth) chunks
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*border, And let the higher LOD(rough) chunks to seamlessly connect it.
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*
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* We can use ray-terrain intersection to pick a point of the terrain;
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* Also we can get an arbitrary point of the terrain's height and normal vector for convenience .
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**/
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class CC_DLL Terrain : public Node
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{
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public:
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/**the crack fix type. use to fix the gaps between different LOD chunks */
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enum class CrackFixedType
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{
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SKIRT,
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INCREASE_LOWER,
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};
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/**
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*DetailMap
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*this struct maintain a detail map data ,including source file ,detail size.
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*the DetailMap can use for terrain splatting
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**/
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struct CC_DLL DetailMap
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{
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/*Constructors*/
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DetailMap();
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DetailMap(const std::string& detailMapSrc, float size = 35);
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/*detail Image source file path*/
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std::string _detailMapSrc;
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/*detailMapSize determine how many tiles that Terrain represent*/
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float _detailMapSize;
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};
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/**
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* Triangle
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*/
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struct Triangle
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{
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Triangle(const Vec3& p1, const Vec3& p2, const Vec3& p3);
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bool getIntersectPoint(const Ray& ray, Vec3& intersectPoint) const;
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void transform(const Mat4& matrix);
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Vec3 _p1, _p2, _p3;
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};
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/**
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*TerrainData
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*This TerrainData struct warp all parameter that Terrain need to create
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*/
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struct CC_DLL TerrainData
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{
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/**empty constructor*/
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TerrainData();
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/**constructor, this constructor construct a simple terrain which only have 1 detailmap*/
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TerrainData(const std::string& heightMapsrc,
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const std::string& textureSrc,
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const Vec2& chunksize = Vec2(32, 32),
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float mapHeight = 2,
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float mapScale = 0.1);
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/**constructor, this constructor construct a terrain which have 4 detailmaps, 1 alpha map*/
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TerrainData(const std::string& heightMapsrc,
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const std::string& alphamap,
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const DetailMap& detail1,
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const DetailMap& detail2,
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const DetailMap& detail3,
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const DetailMap& detail4,
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const Vec2& chunksize = Vec2(32, 32),
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float mapHeight = 2,
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float mapScale = 0.1);
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/**constructor, this constructor construct a terrain which have 3 detailmaps, 1 alpha map*/
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TerrainData(const std::string& heightMapsrc,
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const std::string& alphamap,
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const DetailMap& detail1,
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const DetailMap& detail2,
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const DetailMap& detail3,
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const Vec2& chunksize = Vec2(32, 32),
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float mapHeight = 2,
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float mapScale = 0.1);
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/**
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*determine the chunk size,chunk is the minimal subdivision of the Terrain
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*/
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Vec2 _chunkSize;
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/**height Map source path*/
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std::string _heightMapSrc;
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/**the source path of the alpha map*/
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std::string _alphaMapSrc;
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/**detail maps*/
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DetailMap _detailMaps[4];
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/**terrain Maximum height*/
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float _mapHeight;
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/**terrain scale factor,you can combine setScale later.*/
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float _mapScale;
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/**the amount of detailmap*/
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int _detailMapAmount;
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/**the skirt height ratio, only effect when terrain use skirt to fix crack*/
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float _skirtHeightRatio;
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};
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private:
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struct ChunkIndices
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{
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ChunkIndices() = default;
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ChunkIndices(const ChunkIndices&);
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ChunkIndices& operator=(const ChunkIndices& o);
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~ChunkIndices();
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backend::Buffer* _indexBuffer = nullptr;
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unsigned short _size = 0;
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};
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struct ChunkLODIndices
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{
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int _relativeLod[5];
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ChunkIndices _chunkIndices;
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};
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struct ChunkLODIndicesSkirt
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{
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int _selfLod;
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ChunkIndices _chunkIndices;
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};
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/*
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*terrain vertices internal data format
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**/
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struct CC_DLL TerrainVertexData
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{
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/*constructor*/
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TerrainVertexData(){};
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TerrainVertexData(const Vec3& v1, const Tex2F& v2)
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{
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_position = v1;
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_texcoord = v2;
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}
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/*the vertex's attributes*/
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cocos2d::Vec3 _position;
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cocos2d::Tex2F _texcoord;
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cocos2d::Vec3 _normal;
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};
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struct CC_DLL QuadTree;
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/*
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*the terminal node of quad, use to subdivision terrain mesh and LOD
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**/
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struct Chunk
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{
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/**Constructor*/
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Chunk(Terrain*);
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/**destructor*/
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~Chunk();
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/*vertices*/
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std::vector<TerrainVertexData> _originalVertices;
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/*LOD indices*/
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struct LOD
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{
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std::vector<uint16_t> _indices;
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};
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ChunkIndices _chunkIndices;
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/**we now support four levels of detail*/
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LOD _lod[4];
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/**AABB in local space*/
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AABB _aabb;
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/**setup Chunk data*/
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void generate(int map_width, int map_height, int m, int n, const unsigned char* data);
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/**calculateAABB*/
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void calculateAABB();
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/**internal use draw function*/
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void bindAndDraw();
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/**finish opengl setup*/
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void finish();
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/*use linear-sample vertices for LOD mesh*/
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void updateVerticesForLOD();
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/*updateIndices */
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void updateIndicesLOD();
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void updateIndicesLODSkirt();
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/**calculate the average slop of chunk*/
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void calculateSlope();
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bool getIntersectPointWithRay(const Ray& ray, Vec3& intersectPoint);
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/**current LOD of the chunk*/
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int _currentLod;
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int _oldLod;
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int _neighborOldLOD[4];
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/*the left,right,front,back neighbors*/
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Chunk* _left;
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Chunk* _right;
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Chunk* _front;
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Chunk* _back;
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QuadTree* _parent;
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/**the position X in terrain space*/
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int _posX;
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/**the position Y in terrain space*/
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int _posY;
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/**parent terrain*/
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Terrain* _terrain;
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/**chunk size*/
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Vec2 _size;
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/**chunk's estimated slope*/
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float _slope;
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std::vector<TerrainVertexData> _currentVertices;
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std::vector<Triangle> _trianglesList;
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backend::Buffer* _buffer = nullptr;
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MeshCommand _command;
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};
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/**
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*QuadTree
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* @brief use to hierarchically frustum culling and set LOD
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**/
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struct CC_DLL QuadTree
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{
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/**constructor*/
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QuadTree(int x, int y, int width, int height, Terrain* terrain);
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/**destructor*/
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~QuadTree();
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/**recursively draw*/
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void draw();
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/**recursively set itself and its children is need to draw*/
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void resetNeedDraw(bool value);
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/**recursively potential visible culling*/
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void cullByCamera(const Camera* camera, const Mat4& worldTransform);
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/**precalculate the AABB(In world space) of each quad*/
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void preCalculateAABB(const Mat4& worldTransform);
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QuadTree* _tl;
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QuadTree* _tr;
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QuadTree* _bl;
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QuadTree* _br;
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/**A flag present current quadTree node whether a terminal node,the terminal node is de facto the chunk*/
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bool _isTerminal;
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Chunk* _chunk;
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int _posX;
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int _posY;
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int _height;
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int _width;
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QuadTree* _parent;
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/**AABB's cache (in local space)*/
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AABB _localAABB;
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/**AABB's cache (in world space)*/
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AABB _worldSpaceAABB;
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Terrain* _terrain;
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/** a flag determine whether a quadTree node need draw*/
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bool _needDraw;
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};
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friend QuadTree;
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friend Chunk;
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2021-12-25 10:04:45 +08:00
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2019-11-23 20:27:39 +08:00
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public:
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/** set light map texture */
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void setLightMap(const std::string& fileName);
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/**
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set directional light for the terrain
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2021-12-25 10:04:45 +08:00
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@param lightDir The direction of directional light, Note that lightDir is in the terrain's local space. Most of the
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time terrain is placed at (0,0,0) and without rotation, so lightDir is also in the world space.
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2019-11-23 20:27:39 +08:00
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*/
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void setLightDir(const Vec3& lightDir);
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/*init function*/
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/**initialize all Properties which terrain need */
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bool initProperties();
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/**initialize heightMap data */
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bool initHeightMap(const std::string& heightMap);
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/**initialize alphaMap ,detailMaps textures*/
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bool initTextures();
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/**create entry*/
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2021-12-25 10:04:45 +08:00
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static Terrain* create(TerrainData& parameter, CrackFixedType fixedType = CrackFixedType::INCREASE_LOWER);
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2019-11-23 20:27:39 +08:00
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/**get specified position's height mapping to the terrain,use bi-linear interpolation method
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* @param x the X position
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* @param z the Z position
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2021-12-25 10:04:45 +08:00
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* @param normal the specified position's normal vector in terrain . if this argument is NULL or nullptr,Normal
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*calculation shall be skip.
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* @return the height value of the specified position of the terrain, if the (X,Z) position is out of the terrain
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*bounds,it shall return 0;
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2019-11-23 20:27:39 +08:00
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**/
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2021-12-25 10:04:45 +08:00
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float getHeight(float x, float z, Vec3* normal = nullptr) const;
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2019-11-23 20:27:39 +08:00
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/**get specified position's height mapping to the terrain,use bi-linear interpolation method
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* @param pos the position (X,Z)
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2021-12-25 10:04:45 +08:00
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* @param normal the specified position's normal vector in terrain . if this argument is NULL or nullptr,Normal
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*calculation shall be skip.
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* @return the height value of the specified position of the terrain, if the (X,Z) position is out of the terrain
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*bounds,it shall return 0;
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2019-11-23 20:27:39 +08:00
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**/
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float getHeight(const Vec2& pos, Vec3* normal = nullptr) const;
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/**get the normal of the specified position in terrain
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* @return the normal vector of the specified position of the terrain.
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* @note the fast normal calculation may not get precise normal vector.
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**/
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Vec3 getNormal(int pixelX, int pixelY) const;
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/**get height from the raw height filed*/
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float getImageHeight(int pixelX, int pixelY) const;
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/**show the wireline instead of the surface,Debug Use only.
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* @Note only support desktop platform
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**/
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void setDrawWire(bool boolValue);
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/**
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* Set threshold distance of each LOD level,must equal or greater than the chunk size
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* @Note when invoke initHeightMap, the LOD distance will be automatic calculated.
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*/
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void setLODDistance(float lod1, float lod2, float lod3);
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/**Switch frustum Culling Flag
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2021-12-25 10:04:45 +08:00
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* @Note frustum culling will remarkable improve your terrain rendering performance.
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2019-11-23 20:27:39 +08:00
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*/
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void setIsEnableFrustumCull(bool boolValue);
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/** set the alpha map*/
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2021-12-25 10:04:45 +08:00
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void setAlphaMap(cocos2d::Texture2D* newAlphaMapTexture);
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2019-11-23 20:27:39 +08:00
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/**set the Detail Map */
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void setDetailMap(unsigned int index, DetailMap detailMap);
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// Overrides, internal use only
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2021-12-25 10:04:45 +08:00
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virtual void draw(cocos2d::Renderer* renderer, const cocos2d::Mat4& transform, uint32_t flags) override;
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2019-11-23 20:27:39 +08:00
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/**
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* Ray-Terrain intersection.
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* @return the intersection point
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*/
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2021-12-25 10:04:45 +08:00
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Vec3 getIntersectionPoint(const Ray& ray) const;
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2019-11-23 20:27:39 +08:00
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2021-12-25 10:04:45 +08:00
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/**
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* Ray-Terrain intersection.
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* @param ray to hit the terrain
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* @param intersectionPoint hit point if hit
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* @return true if hit, false otherwise
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*/
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bool getIntersectionPoint(const Ray& ray, Vec3& intersectionPoint) const;
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2019-11-23 20:27:39 +08:00
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/**
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* set the MaxDetailAmount.
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*/
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void setMaxDetailMapAmount(int maxValue);
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/**
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* Convert a world Space position (X,Z) to terrain space position (X,Z)
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*/
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Vec2 convertToTerrainSpace(const Vec2& worldSpace) const;
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/**
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* reset the heightmap data.
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*/
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void resetHeightMap(const std::string& heightMap);
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/**
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* get the terrain's minimal height.
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*/
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float getMinHeight();
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/**
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* get the terrain's maximal height.
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*/
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float getMaxHeight();
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/**
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* get the terrain's AABB(in world space)
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*/
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AABB getAABB();
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/**
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* set the skirt height ratio
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*/
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void setSkirtHeightRatio(float ratio);
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/**
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* get the terrain's quad tree which is also the root node.
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*/
|
2021-12-25 10:04:45 +08:00
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QuadTree* getQuadTree();
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2019-11-23 20:27:39 +08:00
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void reload();
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2021-12-25 10:04:45 +08:00
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2019-11-23 20:27:39 +08:00
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/**
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* get the terrain's size
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*/
|
2021-10-23 23:27:14 +08:00
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Vec2 getTerrainSize() const { return Vec2(static_cast<float>(_imageWidth), static_cast<float>(_imageHeight)); }
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2021-12-25 10:04:45 +08:00
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2019-11-23 20:27:39 +08:00
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/**
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* get the terrain's height data
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*/
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std::vector<float> getHeightData() const;
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2021-12-25 10:04:45 +08:00
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CC_CONSTRUCTOR_ACCESS : Terrain();
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2019-11-23 20:27:39 +08:00
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virtual ~Terrain();
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2021-12-25 10:04:45 +08:00
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bool initWithTerrainData(TerrainData& parameter, CrackFixedType fixedType);
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|
2019-11-23 20:27:39 +08:00
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protected:
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/**
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* recursively set each chunk's LOD
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* @param cameraPos the camera position in world space
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**/
|
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void setChunksLOD(const Vec3& cameraPos);
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/**
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* load Vertices from height filed for the whole terrain.
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**/
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void loadVertices();
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/**
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* calculate Normal Line for each Vertex
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**/
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void calculateNormal();
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|
2021-12-25 10:04:45 +08:00
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// override
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2019-11-23 20:27:39 +08:00
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virtual void onEnter() override;
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/**
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* cache all uniform locations in GLSL.
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**/
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void cacheUniformAttribLocation();
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|
2021-12-25 10:04:45 +08:00
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// IBO generate & cache
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ChunkIndices lookForIndicesLODSkrit(int selfLod, bool* result);
|
2019-11-23 20:27:39 +08:00
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|
2021-12-25 10:04:45 +08:00
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ChunkIndices lookForIndicesLOD(int neighborLod[4], int selfLod, bool* result);
|
2019-11-23 20:27:39 +08:00
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2021-12-25 10:04:45 +08:00
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ChunkIndices insertIndicesLOD(int neighborLod[4], int selfLod, uint16_t* indices, int size);
|
2019-11-23 20:27:39 +08:00
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2021-12-25 10:04:45 +08:00
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ChunkIndices insertIndicesLODSkirt(int selfLod, uint16_t* indices, int size);
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Chunk* getChunkByIndex(int x, int y) const;
|
2019-11-23 20:27:39 +08:00
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private:
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void onBeforeDraw();
|
2021-12-25 10:04:45 +08:00
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2019-11-23 20:27:39 +08:00
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void onAfterDraw();
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2021-12-25 10:04:45 +08:00
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2019-11-23 20:27:39 +08:00
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protected:
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2021-12-25 10:04:45 +08:00
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std::vector<ChunkLODIndices> _chunkLodIndicesSet;
|
2019-11-23 20:27:39 +08:00
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std::vector<ChunkLODIndicesSkirt> _chunkLodIndicesSkirtSet;
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Mat4 _CameraMatrix;
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bool _isCameraViewChanged;
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TerrainData _terrainData;
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bool _isDrawWire;
|
2021-12-25 10:04:45 +08:00
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unsigned char* _data;
|
2019-11-23 20:27:39 +08:00
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float _lodDistance[3];
|
2021-12-25 10:04:45 +08:00
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Texture2D* _detailMapTextures[4];
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Texture2D* _alphaMap;
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Texture2D* _lightMap;
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Texture2D* _dummyTexture = nullptr;
|
2019-11-23 20:27:39 +08:00
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Vec3 _lightDir;
|
2021-12-25 10:04:45 +08:00
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QuadTree* _quadRoot;
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Chunk* _chunkesArray[MAX_CHUNKES][MAX_CHUNKES];
|
2019-11-23 20:27:39 +08:00
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std::vector<TerrainVertexData> _vertices;
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std::vector<unsigned int> _indices;
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int _imageWidth;
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int _imageHeight;
|
2021-10-23 23:27:14 +08:00
|
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Vec2 _chunkSize;
|
2019-11-23 20:27:39 +08:00
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bool _isEnableFrustumCull;
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int _maxDetailMapValue;
|
2021-12-25 10:04:45 +08:00
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cocos2d::Image* _heightMapImage;
|
2019-11-23 20:27:39 +08:00
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Mat4 _oldCameraModelMatrix;
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Mat4 _terrainModelMatrix;
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float _maxHeight;
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float _minHeight;
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CrackFixedType _crackFixedType;
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float _skirtRatio;
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int _skirtVerticesOffset[4];
|
2021-12-25 10:04:45 +08:00
|
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struct StateBlock
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{
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// bool blend;
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bool depthWrite = true;
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bool depthTest = true;
|
2019-11-23 20:27:39 +08:00
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backend::CullMode cullFace = backend::CullMode::FRONT;
|
2021-12-25 10:04:45 +08:00
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backend::Winding winding = backend::Winding::CLOCK_WISE;
|
2019-11-23 20:27:39 +08:00
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void apply();
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void save();
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};
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2021-12-25 10:04:45 +08:00
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2019-11-23 20:27:39 +08:00
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StateBlock _stateBlock;
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StateBlock _stateBlockOld;
|
2021-12-25 10:04:45 +08:00
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2019-11-23 20:27:39 +08:00
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private:
|
2021-12-25 10:04:45 +08:00
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// uniform locations
|
2019-11-23 20:27:39 +08:00
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backend::UniformLocation _detailMapLocation[4];
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backend::UniformLocation _alphaMapLocation;
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backend::UniformLocation _alphaIsHasAlphaMapLocation;
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backend::UniformLocation _lightMapCheckLocation;
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backend::UniformLocation _lightMapLocation;
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backend::UniformLocation _detailMapSizeLocation;
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backend::UniformLocation _lightDirLocation;
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backend::UniformLocation _mvpMatrixLocation;
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#if CC_ENABLE_CACHE_TEXTURE_DATA
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EventListenerCustom* _backToForegroundListener;
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#endif
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};
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// end of actions group
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/// @}
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NS_CC_END
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